A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, X, Y, Z [Contents]

fabricator
Used to detach flakes from cores or tools.

CL tools and equipment
BT tool making equipment

---

face urn
A container with a human face appliqued onto it, often used as a funerary vessel.

UF face vase

---

face vase

USE face urn

---

fan
A hand held instrument for producing a current of air for cooling the user. It is both a practical and a fashion item.

CL dress and personal accessories
BT personal accessory

---

fastening
An object to fasten, bind or join one item to another.

CL unassigned
NT angle tie
NT bolt (lock)
NT button and loop fastener
NT catch
NT clasp
NT cleat
NT clip
NT hasp
NT holdfast
NT hook
NT latch
NT nail
NT nut (fastening)
NT peg
NT pin
NT pintle
NT rivet
NT rove
NT screw
NT spike
NT staple
NT strap
NT string
NT stud
NT tack
NT trenail
NT wall anchor
NT wall tie
NT washer

---

faunal remains

USE animal remains

---

feeding bottle
A vessel with a specially adapted mouthpiece, to assist in feeding young animals and humans.

CL container
BT drinking vessel

CL food preparation and consumption
BT drinking vessel

UF baby feeder

---

ferrule
A metal collar or cap to strengthen the end of tubes, sticks, shafts, etc. Use with specific object name where known eg spear and ferrule.

CL unassigned

---

fetter
A shackle for the feet.

CL punishment and restraint
BT shackle

UF leg iron

---

fibula

USE brooch

---

fichu
A triangle of cloth worn by ladies to cover the shoulders, neck and throat.

CL dress and personal accessories
BT clothing accessory

---

fiddle
A stringed musical instrument, usually played with a bow.

CL music
BT bowed string instrument

---

fiddle key nail

USE shoeing nail

---

fife

USE flute

---

figurehead
A carved bust, figure or representation usually fixed to the bow of a ship.

CL unassigned
BT sculpture

---

figurine
A small carved or sculpted figure.

RT shabti

CL unassigned
BT sculpture

UF statuette

---

file
A tool, usually metal, with roughened surfaces in the form of very small teeth.

CL tools and equipment
BT smoothing equipment

---

finger ring
A circular band, usually metal, worn on the finger for ornamentation.

CL dress and personal accessories
BT jewellery

UF amulet ring

---

fingerboard

USE string instrument

---

finial

USE roof finial

---

fipple flute

USE flute

---

fire bar

USE kiln furniture

---

fire basket
An enclosed container to hold coals or logs of a fire.

CL heating and lighting
BT heating object

---

fire brick
A brick made of clay which is difficult to fuse, used in boilers and fireplaces.

CL architecture
BT brick

---

fire cover
A guard or cover put in front of a fire to prevent embers or flames setting fire to a building.

CL heating and lighting
BT heating object

UF curfew
UF fire guard

---

fire dog
A pair of uprights supporting a crosspiece. Often very decorative, fire dogs were probably used as a spit or to hold pots over the fire.

CL heating and lighting
BT heating object

---

fire fan
A fan designed to fan the coals of a fire to increase the oxygen around the coals and thus to help the fire burn.

CL heating and lighting
BT heating object

---

fire fender
A piece of metal in front of a fire to stop embers rolling onto the carpet.

CL heating and lighting
BT heating object

---

fire grate
A horizontal pierced metal object upon which to hold the coals of a fire.

CL heating and lighting
BT heating object

UF fire grid

---

fire grid

USE fire grate

---

fire guard

USE fire cover

---

fire hook
A tool used to pull down burning structures.

CL tools and equipment

---

<fire iron>
Tools used to maintain a fire.

CL heating and lighting
BT heating object
NT fire rake
NT fire shovel
NT fire tongs
NT poker

---

fire mark
A wall plate used by insurance companies to identify insured property.

CL signs or symbols

---

fire rake
A small rake used to move the embers of a fire.

CL heating and lighting
BT fire iron

---

fire screen
A screen to intercept the heat from a fire.

CL heating and lighting
BT heating object

---

fire shovel
A small shovel for adding or placing coals onto a fire.

CL heating and lighting
BT fire iron

---

fire stone
Stone used to line a furnace or oven.

CL architecture
BT architectural fragment

---

fire tongs
A pair of tongs used for placing coals onto a fire.

CL heating and lighting
BT fire iron

CL tools and equipment
BT tongs

---

firearm
A weapon that fires missiles by means of explosives.

RT powder flask
RT powder horn
RT priming flask
RT priming horn

CL agriculture and subsistence
BT hunting object
NT shotgun

CL armour and weapons
BT projectile weapon
NT cannon
NT handgun
NT longarm
NT mortar (weapon)

UF gun

---

firelock

USE flintlock musket

---

fish bone

USE fish remains

---

fish gorge
An object used to catch fish. The line is tied in the middle of the fish gorge which then lodges in the throat after the fish has swallowed it.

CL agriculture and subsistence
BT fishing object

---

fish hook
A bent piece of metal or bone, often with a barb, which is tied to a line and used to catch fish.

CL agriculture and subsistence
BT fishing object

---

fish kettle
A pan for cooking fish.

CL container
BT cooking vessel

CL food preparation and consumption
BT cooking vessel

---

fish net

USE fishing net

---

fish remains
Use for the remains of any part of a fish.

CL ecofacts
BT animal remains

UF fish bone

---

fish smoker
An object used to preserve fish by immersing the fish in smoke.

CL food preparation and consumption
BT food preparation equipment

---

fish spear
A long pointed weapon used to catch fish by stabbing.

CL agriculture and subsistence
BT fishing object
NT leister

---

fish trap
A trap designed and used to catch fish.

CL agriculture and subsistence
BT fishing object

---

fishing basket
A basket for the storage and transport of fishing equipment. For the storage and transport of fish use creel.

RT creel

CL agriculture and subsistence
BT fishing object

CL container
BT container <by function>

---

fishing line
Line used with hooks attached to it in order to catch fish.

CL agriculture and subsistence
BT fishing object

---

fishing net
A net used in fishing to catch or land fish.

CL agriculture and subsistence
BT fishing object

UF fish net
UF landing net

---

<fishing object>
A tool, piece of equipment, container or other object used for or in fishing.

RT creel

CL agriculture and subsistence
NT eel spear
NT fish gorge
NT fish hook
NT fish spear
NT fish trap
NT fishing basket
NT fishing line
NT fishing net
NT fishing reel
NT fishing rod
NT float (water)
NT harpoon
NT sinker

---

fishing reel
A device for winding and casting a fishing line, consisting of a revolving spool with a handle attached to a fishing rod.

CL agriculture and subsistence
BT fishing object

---

fishing rod
A long tapered flexible pole used with a fishing line and usually with a fishing reel.

CL agriculture and subsistence
BT fishing object

---

CLASS - FIXTURES AND FITTINGS
Objects used to secure buildings, furniture or objects or used in the finishing and (non-structural) decoration of buildings, equipment and furniture.

NT bell pull
NT bell system
NT blind fitting
NT bracket
NT curtain fitting
NT door fitting
NT doorstop
NT hinge
NT keyhole fitting
NT light fitting
NT rail
NT shelf
NT shutter
NT speaking tube
NT window fitting

---

flag
A piece of fabric with a design, used as an emblem for military or naval purposes, signalling, decoration, display, propaganda etc.

RT banner

CL signs or symbols

---

flagellum

USE scourge

---

flageolet

USE flute

---

flagon
Container with a handle, spout and narrow neck.

CL container
BT container <by form>
BT drink serving container
BT food and liquid storage container

CL food preparation and consumption
BT drink serving container

---

flail
A tool for threshing grain.

CL agriculture and subsistence
BT threshing and winnowing object

CL tools and equipment
BT striking equipment

---

flake
A flake of stone struck from the core where the length is less than twice the width.

CL manufacture and processing
BT debitage
NT axe trimming flake
NT levallois flake
NT tranchet flake

CL tools and equipment
BT cutting equipment
NT retouched flake

UF cutting flake

---

flaked axehead
An axehead of flint or other stone commonly used for Neolithic types.

CL tools and equipment
BT axehead

---

flan
A metal disk before it is stamped to become a coin.

CL manufacture and processing

---

flanged axehead
A bronze axehead of earlier Bronze Age date the sides of which are raised, either by casting or hammering, to form flanges on both faces which aid hafting. Some types also feature a raised bar or stop between the flanges.

CL tools and equipment
BT axehead

UF haft flanged axehead
UF wing flanged axehead

---

flashing
Impervious material to exclude water.

flask
A bottle with a narrow neck used for wine oil etc.

CL container
BT food and liquid storage container

---

flat axehead
An axehead of early Bronze Age date, made of copper or bronze, which is flat on both sides and generally lacks side flanges or other hafting aids.

CL tools and equipment
BT axehead

---

flat iron
An object which when hot is used to smooth fabric.

CL tools and equipment
BT smoothing equipment

UF smoothing iron

---

flatter
A pair of flat faced tools used to smooth iron.

CL tools and equipment

---

flax beater
An tool used to separate flax fibres from the wood and bark following retting.

CL tools and equipment
BT beater (tool)

UF flax pounder

---

flax pounder

USE flax beater

---

fleam
An instrument for letting blood.

CL medicine and pharmacy
BT medical implement

---

flesh fork

USE flesh hook

---

flesh hook
A pronged iron hook used in cookery.

CL food preparation and consumption
BT food preparation equipment

UF flesh fork

---

flint implement

USE lithic implement

---

flintlock
Use appropriate term.

USE flintlock musket
USE flintlock pistol

---

flintlock musket
A musket fired by use of a flintlock. A gunflint is held in the lock which on pulling the trigger pushes back the pan cover creating sparks which set off the powder in the pan causing a flame to go through and set off the charge in the barrel.

CL armour and weapons
BT musket

UF firelock
UF flintlock

---

flintlock pistol
A pistol fired by use of a flintlock.A gunflint is held in the lock which on pulling the trigger pushes back the pan cover creating sparks which set off the powder in the pan causing a flame to go through and set off the charge in the barrel.

CL armour and weapons
BT pistol

UF flintlock

---

float (tool)
A plasterer's tool for smoothing the surface of plaster.

CL tools and equipment
BT smoothing equipment

---

float (water)
An object that supports another in water, eg float on a fishing line or net.

CL agriculture and subsistence
BT fishing object
NT net float

---

floor
The lower surface of a room.

CL architecture
BT architectural element

UF flooring

---

floor covering
An article laid over the floor or ground as a protcetive and or decorative covering.

CL furnishings and furniture
BT furnishing
NT carpet
NT rug

---

floor tile
A tile used within a floor.

CL architecture
BT tile

---

flooring

USE floor

---

flower pot
A container in which plants are grown.

CL container
BT horticultural container

---

flue tile
A hollow or rectangular block which acts as a flue allowing the passage of gases or heat.

CL architecture
BT tile

UF box tile

---

flute
A pipe in which air is made to vibrate by blowing across an edge, including transverse flutes and recorders.

CL music
BT edge blown wind instrument

UF fife
UF fipple flute
UF flageolet
UF pipe (music)
UF recorder

---

fob
A fob can consist of a chain and or a ring.

CL dress and personal accessories
BT personal accessory

---

foil
A fencing sword often used for recreational purposes.

CL armour and weapons
BT sword

---

folding knife
A knife with a hinged blade which folds into a slot in the handle.

CL tools and equipment
BT knife

UF clasp knife

---

font
A vessel, usually made of stone, which contains the consecrated water for baptism.

CL religion or ritual
BT religious structural object

---

<food and drink serving container>
Containers used to serve food and drink. Use appropriate term.

CL container
BT container <by function>
NT drink serving container
NT drinking vessel
NT food serving container

CL food preparation and consumption
NT drink serving container
NT drinking vessel
NT food serving container

---

food and liquid storage container
A container for the storage and/or transport of food and/or liquid.

CL container
BT container <by function>
NT amphora
NT barrel
NT basket
NT bottle
NT bucket
NT can
NT canister (food)
NT cask
NT costrel
NT cruse
NT ewer
NT flagon
NT flask
NT jar
NT keg
NT milk churn
NT pot
NT sack
NT storage bin
NT tank
NT tub
NT vat
NT wineskin

---

<food gathering and preparation container>
Containers in which food and or drink is gathered or processed.

CL container
BT container <by function>
NT churn
NT colander
NT cooking vessel
NT creel
NT milking vessel
NT mortar (vessel)
NT mortarium
NT pancheon
NT pipkin
NT threshing tray
NT winnowing basket
NT winnowing tray

---

CLASS - FOOD PREPARATION AND CONSUMPTION
Objects used for the preparation of food and drink,for cooking and consumption.

NT food and drink serving container
NT food preparation container
NT food preparation equipment

---

<food preparation container>
A container used in the preparartion of food.

CL food preparation and consumption
NT churn
NT colander
NT cooking vessel
NT mortar (vessel)
NT mortarium
NT pancheon
NT pipkin
NT sieve

---

<food preparation equipment>
Includes equipment for the consumption of food.

CL food preparation and consumption
NT cheese press
NT churning stick
NT cleaver
NT cooking stone
NT corer
NT corkscrew
NT cutlery
NT fish smoker
NT flesh hook
NT grater
NT jack (cooking)
NT knife
NT ladle
NT limpet scoop
NT masher
NT nut crackers
NT peeler
NT skewer
NT spit
NT squeezer
NT steamer

---

<food serving container>
A container used to serve food from.

CL container
BT food and drink serving container
NT bowl
NT chafing dish
NT charger
NT creamer
NT dish
NT nose bag
NT plate
NT platter
NT porringer
NT tray
NT trencher
NT trough

CL food preparation and consumption
BT food and drink serving container
NT bowl
NT chafing dish
NT charger
NT dish
NT plate
NT platter
NT porringer
NT tray
NT trencher

---

foot guard
Armour designed to protect the foot.

CL armour and weapons
BT armour <by form>

UF sabaton

---

foot rule
A measuring rule graduated in feet.

CL measurement
BT rule

---

footstone

USE gravestone

---

footstool
A low stool for resting feet upon.

CL furnishings and furniture
BT furniture

---

<footwear>
Clothing worn on the foot.

CL dress and personal accessories
BT clothing
NT boot
NT clog
NT moccasin
NT patten
NT sandal
NT shoe
NT slipper
NT sock

---

<footwear component>
Items which are part of or added to footwear.

CL dress and personal accessories
BT dress component
NT boot stud
NT clump sole
NT crampon
NT hob nail
NT shoe iron
NT sole
NT spur

---

forceps
An instrument in the form of a pair of pincers used to grip and pull objects, usually used in surgery.

CL medicine and pharmacy
BT surgical instrument

CL tools and equipment
BT gripping equipment

---

fork prong

USE fork (utensil)

---

fork (tool)
A handled tool with two or more prongs used for digging, cultivation etc.

CL agriculture and subsistence
BT cultivation object

CL tools and equipment
BT digging equipment

---

fork (utensil)
A hand held utensil with two or more prongs to hold food.

CL food preparation and consumption
BT cutlery

UF fork prong

---

foundation stone

USE commemorative stone

---

frame
Use specific type where known, eg picture frame.

CL unassigned
NT picture frame

---

frame harp

USE lyre

---

francisca
An axe used by the Saxons and Franks for throwing.

CL armour and weapons
BT throwing axe

---

fresco

USE wall painting

---

fret

USE string instrument

---

frieze
A decorative band or feature.

CL unassigned
BT sculpture

---

frit
Part of the glass making process, the frit is broken up into a crucible and heated to create glass.

CL manufacture and processing
BT by product

---

frying pan
A long handled shallow pan used for frying.

CL container
BT cooking vessel

CL food preparation and consumption
BT cooking vessel

---

fuller
A pair of round edged tools like chisels to make a groove in iron.

CL tools and equipment

---

fulling vat
A large container used for the process of cleansing and thickening cloth by beating and washing.

CL container
BT container <by function>

---

funerary chalice

USE chalice

---

funnel
An object used to aid pouring a substance through a small opening.

CL tools and equipment

---

<furnishing>
Soft coverings and associated objects used within buildings.

CL furnishings and furniture
NT bedding
NT cushion
NT floor covering
NT table linen
NT wall covering
NT window covering

---

CLASS - FURNISHINGS AND FURNITURE
Soft coverings and associated objects for walls, furniture, floors and windows. Also items such as chairs, beds, and cupboards.

NT furnishing
NT furniture
NT furniture fitting

---

<furniture>
Movable, usually functional, articles in a room.

CL furnishings and furniture
NT bed
NT cabinet
NT chest
NT commode
NT cot
NT cradle
NT cupboard
NT footstool
NT garderobe seat
NT mirror
NT misericord (seat)
NT seat
NT shelving
NT sideboard
NT table

---

furniture fitting
An attachment to furniture that can be detached.

CL furnishings and furniture

---

A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, X, Y, Z [Contents]

©, English Heritage & Royal Commission on the Historical Monuments of England, 1997. You may freely download this page for non-profit use, but must acknowledge , EH & RCHME in any output in which it is used.